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Philosophy
203: Scientific Reasoning
Mills Methods
Answer for John's Method of Agreement
Sue, Bob, John, Carol, Tim, and Katie were discussing their
literature grades after grades for the course were posted. They were unable to figure out
the instructors assignment of grades. Sue, Carol, and Katie received As.
Bob and John received a C, but Tim was assigned a D. John and Katie worked
twenty hours a week at K-Mart, but none of the others had a job outside of school-work.
Sue and Carol sat in the front row of the class; Katie sat in the second row; Bob, John
and Tim sat toward the back of the class. In fact, Bob and John sat on the fourth row, and
Tim sat on the last row of the class. Katie, John, and Bob typed their literature papers
but the others did not.
John proposed the following chart. By the Method of Agreement, what is
the probable cause of the assignment of grades?
Instance |
Sit in the 1st row |
Typed Papers |
Is Female |
Made an A |
Sue |
Ö |
X |
Ö |
Ö |
Carol |
Ö |
X |
Ö |
Ö |
Katie |
X |
Ö |
Ö |
Ö |
Bob |
X |
Ö |
X |
X |
John |
X |
Ö |
X |
X |
Tim |
X |
X |
X |
X |
Conclusion:
John should conclude that being female is
the cause, the effect, or an indispensible part of the cause of getting an A in the class.
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