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Philosophy 203:  Scientific Reasoning
Quiz: Method of Agreement, Difference, and Concomitant Variation

Sue, Bob, John, Carol, Tim, and Katie were discussing their literature grades after grades for the course were posted. They were unable to figure out the instructor’s assignment of grades. Sue, Carol, and Katie received A’s. Bob and John received a C, but Tim was assigned a D. John and Katie worked twenty hours a week at K-Mart, but none of the others had a job outside of school-work. Sue and Carol sat in the front row of the class; Katie sat in the second row; Bob, John and Tim sat toward the back of the class. In fact, Bob and John sat on the fourth row, and Tim sat on the last row of the class. Katie, John, and Bob typed their literature papers but the others did not.

Sue proposed the following chart. By the Method of Agreement, what is the probable cause of the assignment of grades?

Instance Sit in front of class Typed Papers Work at K-Mart Made an A
Sue        
Carol        
Katie        
Bob        
John        
Tim        

ANSWER

John proposed the following chart. By the Method of Agreement, what is the probable cause of the assignment of grades?

Instance Sit in the 1st row Typed Papers Is Female Made an A
Sue
Carol
Katie
Bob
John
Tim

ANSWER

Katie proposed the following chart. By the Method of Difference, what is the probable cause of the assignment of grades?

Instance Sit in front Work at K-Mart Type Papers Made an A
Katie        
John        

ANSWER

John proposed the following chart. By the Method of Concomittant Variation, what is the probable cause of the assignment of grades.

Instance Where sat in Class Grade
Sue    
Carol    
Katie    
Bob    
John    
Tim    

ANSWER

 

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